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Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) for wastewater treatment: A review

2018 - 03 - 29

Recently, an increasing level of attention has focused on the emerging technology of anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnDMBRs), owing to its merits such as low membrane module cost, easy control of membrane fouling, low energy consumption and sludge production, as well as biogas production.As such, the combination of an anaerobic treatment process and membrane filtration technology, the so-called anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR), has been successfully applied at various scales to maintain anaerobic microorganisms. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solids retention time (SRT) in AnMBRs can be independently controlled to extend process applicability for treating wastewaters of various strengths from industries and municipalities , as well as solid wastes (such as food wastes and surplus activated sludge). Thus, the HRT could be largely reduced, but SRT could be maintained at a relatively high value (50–700 d) to produce a solids-free effluent with high chemical o...
Fabrication and Water Treatment Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-Based Composite Membranes

2018 - 03 - 29

Membrane separation technology is widely explored for various applications, such as water desalination and wastewater treatment, which can alleviate the global issue of fresh water scarcity. Specifically, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based composite membranes are increasingly of interest due to the combined merits of CNTs and membrane separation, offering enhanced membrane properties.Clean water is an essential resource for human life and our ecosystem. However, due to the increasing growth of population and rapid development of economy and urbanization, the increasing pressure on water scarcity issue highly requires cost-effective water treatment technologies to produce high-quality clean water. On the one hand, seawater and brackish water desalination technologies seem to be the most fundamental approaches that possess great promise to effectively increase clean water supply by producing more freshwater. Since the total sources of seawater and brackish water accounts for almost 98% of all...
Integrating an aerobic/anoxic osmotic membrane bioreactor with membrane distillation for potable reu

2018 - 03 - 29

Persistent drivers of water stress, such as climate change and urban population growth, are motivating interest in potable reuse systems. For extreme environments (e.g., in space) or in locations with extenuating circumstances (e.g., military forward operating bases), water treatment systems that are compact and easily deployable are required. Furthermore, at forward operating bases, significant risk is associated with convoys supplying potable water and fuel to the base as well as convoys taking wastewater away; thus, a system that can reclaim wastewater for potable reuse with a low electrical energy requirement is of critical importance. The development of potable reuse systems tailored to meet these unique challenges has direct implications for development of municipal potable reuse systems.For reuse applications, membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF) membranes submerged in a biological reactor have emerged as an efficient wastewater treatment...
Progress and perspectives in PTFE membrane: Preparation, modification, and applications

2018 - 03 - 29

Organic membranes are the most widely used membranes in industrial processes due to their high-packing density, small footprints, and lightweight characters. Among the organic membranes, porous poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membrane exhibits outstanding chemical stability, high heat resistance, strong hydrophobicity, and high fracture toughness due to the strong C-C and C-F bonds and the carbon backbone, which is protected by the uniform helical sheath formed by the electron cloud of the fluorine atoms. These properties make it suitable for a variety of applications, such as exhaust-gas treatment, membrane distillation (MD), osmotic distillation (OD), and oil-water separation.The requirement for specific membrane properties varies with its targeted application. PTFE membranes were tailored to meet the needs of different membrane applications. In gas-solid separation, the solidparticle rejection rate and gas permeability are the most important parameters of porous membranes. To...
Membrane Bioreactor Technology for the Development of Functional Materials from Sea-Food Processing

2018 - 03 - 29

Sea-food processing wastes and underutilized species of fish are a potential source of functional and bioactive compounds. A large number of bioactive substances can be produced through enzyme-mediated hydrolysis. Suitable enzymes and the appropriate bioreactor system are needed to incubate the waste materials. Membrane separation is a useful technique to extract, concentrate, separate or fractionate the compounds. The use of membrane bioreactors to integrate a reaction vessel with a membrane separation unit is emerging as a beneficial method for producing bioactive materials such as peptides, chitooligosaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids from diverse seafood-related wastes. These bioactive compounds from membrane bioreactor technology show diverse biological activities such as antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antitumor, anticoagulant, antioxidant and radical scavenging properties.About 78% of the total fish catch in both developing and developed countries is used as human food...

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